Personality Psychology Canadian 1st Edition Larsen Test Bank

1. Chapter 1
2. Introduction to Personality Psychology
3. Personality Defined
4. Personality Is the Set of Psychological Traits
5. And Mechanisms
6. Within the Individual
7. That Are Organized and Relatively Enduring
8. And That Influence
9. The Individual’s Interactions with
10. And Adaptations to
11. The Environment
12. Three Levels of Personality Analysis
13. Human Nature
14. Individual and Group Differences
15. Individual Uniqueness
16. A Fissure in the Field
17. Grand Theories of Personality
18. Contemporary Research in Personality
19. Six Domains of Knowledge About Human Nature
20. Dispositional Domain
21. Biological Domain
22. Intrapsychic Domain
23. Cognitive-Experiential Domain
24. Social and Cultural Domain
25. Adjustment Domain
26. The Role of Personality Theory
27. Standards for Evaluating Personality Theories
28. Is There a Grand Ultimate and True Theory of Personality?
29. Key Terms
30. Chapter 2
31. Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design
32. Sources of Personality Data
33. Self-Report Data ( S-Data)
34. Observer-Report Data ( O-Data)
35. Test Data ( T-Data)
36. Life- Outcome Data (L-Data)
37. Issues in Personality Assessment
38. Evaluation of Personality Measures
39. Reliability
40. Validity
41. Generalizability
42. Research Designs in Personality
43. Experimental Methods
44. Correlational Studies
45. Case Studies
46. When to Use Experimental, Correlational, and Case Study Designs
47. Summary and Evaluation
48. Key Terms
49. Part I The Dispositional Domain
50. Chapter 3
51. Traits and Trait Taxonomies
52. What Is a Trait? Two Basic Formulations
53. Traits as Internal Causal Properties
54. Traits as Purely Descriptive Summaries
55. The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits—AnIllustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
56. Act Frequency Research Program
57. Evaluation of the Act Frequency Formulation
58. Identification of the Most Important Traits
59. Lexical Approach
60. Statistical Approach
61. Theoretical Approach
62. Evaluating the Approaches for Identifying Important Traits
63. Taxonomies of Personality
64. Eysenck’s Hierarchical Model of Personality
65. Circumplex Taxonomies of Personality
66. The Five-Factor Model (“Big Five”)
67. The HEXACO Model
68. Summary and Evaluation
69. Key Terms
70. Chapter 4
71. Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology
72. Theoretical Issues
73. Meaningful Differences Among Individuals
74. Consistency over Time
75. Consistency Across Situations
76. Person– Situation Interaction
77. Aggregation
78. Measurement Issues
79. Carelessness
80. Faking on Questionnaires
81. Beware of Barnum Statements in Personality Test Interpretations
82. Personality and Prediction
83. Applications of Personality Testing in the Workplace
84. Legal Issues in Personality Testing in Employment Settings
85. Personnel Selection— Choosing the Right Person for the Job
86. Selection in Business Settings—The Myers- Briggs Type Indicator
87. Selection in Business Settings—The Hogan Personality Inventory
88. Summary and Evaluation
89. Key Terms
90. Chapter 5
91. Personality Dispositions over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change
92. Conceptual Issues: Personality Development, Stability, Coherence, and Change
93. What Is Personality Development?
94. Rank Order Stability
95. Mean Level Stability
96. Personality Coherence
97. Personality Change
98. Three Levels of Analysis
99. Population Level
100. Group Differences Level
101. Individual Differences Level
102. Personality Stability over Time
103. Stability of Temperament During Infancy
104. Stability During Childhood
105. Rank Order Stability in Adulthood
106. Mean Level Stability in Adulthood
107. Personality Change
108. Changes in Self-Esteem from Adolescence to Adulthood
109. Autonomy, Dominance, Leadership, and Ambition
110. Sensation Seeking and Impulsivity
111. Increasing Openness and Creativity
112. Personality Changes Across Cohorts: Assertiveness and Narcissism
113. Volitional Personality Change: Is it Possible?
114. Personality Coherence over Time: Prediction of Socially Relevant Outcomes
115. Marital Stability, Marital Satisfaction, and Divorce
116. Alcoholism, Drug Use, and Emotional Disturbance
117. Religiousness and Spirituality
118. Education, Academic Achievement, and Dropping Out
119. Health and Longevity
120. Predicting Personality Change
121. Summary and Evaluation
122. Key Terms
123. Part II The Biological Domain Chapter
124. Chapter 6
125. Genetics and Personality
126. The Human Genome
127. Controversy About Genes and Personality
128. Goals of Behavioural Genetics
129. What Is Heritability?
130. Misconceptions About Heritability
131. Nature–Nurture Debate Clarified
132. Behavioural Genetic Methods
133. Selective Breeding— Studies of Humans’ Best Friend
134. Family Studies
135. Twin Studies
136. Adoption Studies
137. Major Findings from Behavioural Genetic Research
138. Personality Traits
139. Attitudes and Preferences
140. Drinking and Smoking
141. Marriage
142. Shared versus Nonshared Environmental Influences: A Riddle
143. Genes and the Environment
144. Genotype–Environment Interaction
145. Genotype–Environment Correlation
146. Molecular Genetics
147. Behavioural Genetics, Science, Politics, and Values
148. Summary and Evaluation
149. Key Terms
150. Chapter 7
151. Physiological Approaches to Personality
152. A Physiological Approach to Personality
153. Physiological Measures Commonly Used in Personality Research
154. Electrodermal Activity (Skin Conductance)
155. Cardiovascular Activity
156. Brain Activity
157. Other Measures
158. Physiologically Based Theories of Personality
159. Extraversion–Introversion
160. Sensitivity to Reward and Punishment
161. Sensation Seeking
162. Neurotransmitters and Personality
163. Morningness–Eveningness
164. Brain Asymmetry and Affective Style
165. Summary and Evaluation
166. Key Terms
167. Chapter 8
168. Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality
169. Evolution and Natural Selection
170. Natural Selection
171. Sexual Selection
172. Genes and Inclusive Fitness
173. Products of the Evolutionary Process
174. Evolutionary Psychology
175. Premises of Evolutionary Psychology
176. Empirical Testing of Evolutionary Hypotheses
177. Human Nature
178. Need to Belong
179. Helping and Altruism
180. Universal Emotions
181. Sex Differences
182. Sex Differences in Aggression
183. Sex Differences in Jealousy
184. Sex Differences in Mate Preferences
185. Individual Differences
186. Environmental Triggers of Individual Differences
187. Heritable Individual Differences Contingent on Other Traits
188. Frequency–Dependent Strategic Individual Differences
189. The Big Five, Motivation, and Evolutionarily Relevant Adaptive Problems
190. Limitations of Evolutionary Psychology
191. Summary and Evaluation
192. Key Terms
193. Part III The Intrapsychic Domain
194. Chapter 9
195. Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality
196. Sigmund Freud: A Brief Biography
197. Fundamental Assumptions of Psychoanalytic Theory
198. Basic Instincts: Sex and Aggression
199. Unconscious Motivation: Sometimes We Don’t Know Why We Do What We Do
200. Psychic Determinism: Nothing Happens by Chance
201. Structure of Personality
202. Id: Reservoir of Psychic Energy
203. Ego: Executive of Personality
204. Superego: Upholder of Societal Values and Ideals
205. Interaction of the Id, Ego, and Superego
206. Dynamics of Personality
207. Types of Anxiety
208. Defence Mechanisms
209. Psychosexual Stages of Personality Development
210. Personality and Psychoanalysis
211. Techniques for Revealing the Unconscious
212. The Process of Psychoanalysis
213. Why Is Psychoanalysis Important?
214. Evaluation of Freud’s Contributions
215. Summary and Evaluation
216. Key Terms
217. Chapter 10
218. Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues
219. The Neo-Analytic Movement
220. Repression and Contemporary Research on Memory
221. Contemporary Views on the Unconscious
222. Ego Psychology
223. Erikson’s Eight Stages of Development
224. Karen Horney and a Feminist Interpretation of Psychoanalysis
225. Emphasis on Self and the Notion of Narcissism
226. Object Relations Theory
227. Early Childhood Attachment
228. Adult Relationships
229. Summary and Evaluation
230. Key Terms
231. Chapter 11
232. Motives and Personality
233. Basic Concepts
234. Need
235. Press
236. Apperception and the TAT
237. The Big Three Motives: Achievement, Power, and Intimacy
238. Need for Achievement
239. Need for Power
240. Need for Intimacy
241. Humanistic Tradition: The Motive to Self- Actualize
242. Abraham Maslow’s Contributions
243. Carl Rogers’ Contributions
244. Summary and Evaluation
245. Key Terms
246. Part IV The Cognitive/Experiential Domain
247. Chapter 12
248. Cognitive Topics in Personality
249. Personality Revealed Through Perception
250. Field Dependence
251. Pain Tolerance and Sensation Reducing/ Augmenting
252. Personality Revealed Through Interpretation
253. Kelly’s Personal Construct Theory
254. Locus of Control
255. Learned Helplessness
256. Personality Revealed Through Goals
257. Personal Projects Analysis
258. Cognitive Social Learning Theory
259. Intelligence
260. Summary and Evaluation
261. Key Terms
262. Chapter 13
263. Emotion and Personality
264. Issues in Emotion Research
265. Emotional States versus Emotional Traits
266. Categorical versus Dimensional Approach to Emotion
267. Content versus Style of Emotional Life
268. Content of Emotional Life
269. Style of Emotional Life
270. Interaction of Content and Style in Emotional Life
271. Summary and Evaluation
272. Key Terms
273. Chapter 14
274. Approaches to the Self
275. Descriptive Component of the Self: Self- Concept
276. Self- Concept Development
277. Self- Schemas: Possible Selves, Ought Selves, and Undesired Selves
278. Is There a ” True” Self?
279. Evaluative Component of the Self: Self- Esteem
280. Evaluation of Oneself
281. Research on Self-Esteem
282. Social Component of the Self: Social Identity
283. The Nature of Identity
284. Identity Development
285. Identity Crises
286. Summary and Evaluation
287. Key Terms
288. Part V The Social and Cultural Domain
289. Chapter 15
290. Personality and Social Interaction
291. Selection
292. Personality Characteristics Desired in a Partner
293. Assortative Mating for Personality: The Search for the Similar
294. Do People Get the Partners They Want? And Are They Happy?
295. Personality and the Selective Breakup of Couples
296. Shyness and the Selection of Risky Situations
297. Other Personality Traits and the Selection of Situations
298. Evocation
299. Aggression and the Evocation of Hostility
300. Evocation of Anger and Upset in Couples
301. Evocation of Likability, Pleasure, and Pain
302. Evocation Through Expectancy Confirmation
303. Manipulation: Social Influence Tactics
304. A Taxonomy of Eleven Tactics of Manipulation
305. Personality Predictors of Tactics of Manipulation
306. Panning Back: An Overview of Personality and Social Interaction
307. Summary and Evaluation
308. Key Terms
309. Chapter 16
310. Sex, Gender, and Personality
311. The Science and Politics of Studying Sex and Gender
312. History of the Study of Sex Differences
313. Calculation of Effect Size: How Large Are the Sex Differences?
314. Minimalists and Maximalists
315. Sex Differences in Personality
316. Temperament in Children
317. Five-Factor Model
318. Basic Emotions: Frequency and Intensity
319. Other Dimensions of Personality
320. Masculinity/Femininity, Gender Stereotypes, and Gender Identity
321. Masculinity, Femininity, and Androgyny
322. Gender Stereotypes
323. Gender Identity
324. Theories of Sex Differences
325. Socialization and Social Roles
326. Hormonal Theories
327. Evolutionary Psychology Theory
328. An Integrated Theoretical Perspective
329. Summary and Evaluation
330. Key Terms
331. Chapter 17
332. Culture and Personality
333. Cultural Violations: An Illustration
334. What Is Cultural Personality Psychology?
335. Cultural Differences in Personality
336. Evoked Culture
337. Transmitted Culture
338. Do Cultures Have Distinctive Personality Profiles?
339. Cultural Similarities in Personality
340. Cultural Universals
341. Summary and Evaluation
342. Key Terms
343. Part VI The Adjustment Domain
344. Chapter 18
345. Stress, Coping, Adjustment, and Health
346. Models of the Personality–Illness Connection
347. The Concept of Stress
348. The Stress Response
349. Major Life Events
350. Daily Hassles
351. Varieties of Stress
352. Primary and Secondary Appraisal
353. Coping Strategies and Styles
354. Explanatory Style
355. Optimism and Health
356. Management of Emotions and Disclosure
357. Hardiness and Resilience
358. Type A Personality and Cardiovascular Disease
359. Hostility: The Lethal Component of the Type A Behaviour Pattern
360. How the Arteries Are Damaged by Hostile Type A Behaviour
361. Summary and Evaluation
362. Key Terms
363. Chapter 19
364. Disorders of Personality
365. The Building Blocks of Personality Disorders
366. The Concept of Disorder
367. What Is Abnormal?
368. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
369. What Is a Personality Disorder?
370. Specific Personality Disorders
371. Cluster A. The Eccentric Cluster: Ways of Being Different
372. Cluster B. The Erratic Cluster: Ways of Being Unstable and Emotional
373. Cluster C. The Anxious Cluster: Ways of Being Fearful and Distressed
374. Prevalence of Personality Disorders
375. Gender Differences in Personality Disorders
376. Dimensional Model of Personality Disorders
377. Causes of Personality Disorders
378. Summary and Evaluation
379. Key Terms
380. Conclusion
381. Chapter 20
382. Summary and Future Directions
383. Current Status of the Field
384. Domains of Knowledge: Where We’ve Been, Where We’re Going
385. Dispositional Domain
386. Biological Domain
387. Intrapsychic Domain
388. Cognitive/ Experiential Domain
389. Social and Cultural Domain
390. Adjustment Domain
391. Integration: Personality in the Twenty-First Century
392. Glossary
393. References
394. Chapter Sources
395. Name Index
396. Subject Index

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